Terminology used in psychiatric Nursing

A to Z Terminology used in psychiatric Nurse....

Alphabet (A):-

1. Anxiety:-  Intense, excessive and persistence worry and dear about everyday situation. Fast heart rate , rapid breathing, sweating and feeling tired may occurs.
2. Assertive:- Expressing your opinion clearly and firmly so that people listen to you or do what you want.
3. Affect :- Make somebody/something change in a porticular way to influence somebody/ something.
4. Attention:- Watching, listening or thinking about somebody/ something carefully.
5. Anorexia Nervosa:- It is an eating disorder characterized by an abnormally low body weight , an intense fear of gaining body weight and distorted perception of wieight .
6. Agitated:- Worried or Excited.
7. Anxious:- Afraid or nervous about what may happen.
8. Ambitendency:-The patient alternate between resistance and cooperation with the examiner's instructions;for example, when asked to shake hands, the patient repeatedly extends and withdraws the hand.
9. Akathisia:- It is a movement disorder that make it hard for you to stay still.

Alphabet (B)

1. Battering :- It is a harmful or offensive touching of another person.
2. Bipolar Affecting Disorders:- It is characterized by recurrent episode of mania and depression in the same patient at different time.
3. Bulimia Nervosa :- The uncontrolled ingestion of large amount of food followed by inappropriate methods of compensating for the overeating to prevent weight gain such as sel- induced vomiting, use of laxatives or diuretics and excessive exercise.
4. Black out:- Sudden loss of consciousness.
5. Blunted Affect:- A reduction in emotional experience.

Alphabet (C)

1. Cataplexy:- Temporary loss of muscle tone and weakness precipitated by a variety of emotional states. 
2. Catharsis:- The expression of ideas, thoughts, and suppressed material accompanied by an appropriate emotional response that  produces a state of relief in the patient.
3. Circumstantiality :- Diversion of thoughts with eventual return to the central point.
4. Clang Association:- Meaningless rhytheming words often in a forceful manner .( Rhythm is good but no meanings) 
5. Compulsion:- An irrational and repetitive impulse to perform an act.
6. Confabulation :- The unconscious filling of memory gap by imagined or untrue experience due to memory impairment.
7. Conversion:- The transfer of mental conflict in to physical symptoms to release tension or anxiety.
8. Crisis Intervention:- Brief therapeutic approach to relieve acute emotional problems.
9. Cyclothymic :- Swing of mood of joy and depression.
10. Carving:- Strong inner drive to use a substance in situation of substance dependence.
11. Conflict:- A mental struggle that arises from the simultaneous operation of opposing emotions.
12. Cluttering :- A language disorder characterized by rapid speech that is confused, jumbled and imprecise .

Alphabet (D)

1. Delusion:- A false fixed belief not consistent with the patient's cultureal or educational backgrounds.
2. Delirium:- A state of Mental confussion and excitement that happens in a short period of time and is characterized by disorientation for time and place.
3. Dementia:- Diffuse brain dysfunction characterized by a gradual , progressive and chronic disorientation.
4. Denial:- Unconscious refusal to face thoughts, feeling, wishes,needs or reality factors that are consiously intolerable.
5. Depersonalization:- Experience of unrealness feeling of separation, loss of feeling and personal identity.
6. Derealization :- The feeling that the surrounding world is not real.
7. Desensitization:- Diminished Emotional responsiveness to a negative,or positive stimulus after repetative exposure to it.
8. Dyslexia:- Difficulty in learning. (Mainly occurs in children)
9. Dystonia:- Muscle rigidity that affects posture, gait , Eye movement.

Alphabet (E)

1. Echolalia:- Pathological repetation by imitation of the speech of another.
2. Echopraxia:- Pathological repetation by imitation of the behaviour of another.
3. Encopresis :- Involuntary passage of feces in inappropriate place after age of voluntary control has been established.
4. Enuresis :- Involuntary passage of urine after age of voluntary control has been established.
5. Euphoria:- Excessive feeling of happiness.
6. Elation:- Moderate elevation of mood.
7. Ecstasy:- Very sever elevation of mood.
8. Euthymia :- Normal range of mood.
9. Exhibitionism :- A paraphilic disorder characterized by a recurrent urge to expose one's genitals to a strenger.

Alphabet (F)

1. Fetishism:-  Erotic stimulation or sexually arousing fantasies involving contact with non-living objects, such as articles of dress or birds hair.
2. Flight of ideas:- Rapid shift between topics that are unrelated to each other.
3. Fugue:- Dissociative disorder in which there is an inability to recall one's past or identity accompanied by sudden and unexpected travel away from home.

Alphabet (G)

1. Grandiose :- Unrealistic or overemphasize sense of self worth , importance, wealth and ability.
2. Grief :- Emotional process of coping with a loss.

Alphabet (H)

1. Hallucination:- A false sensory perception in the absence of an actual external stimulus.
2. Hypochondriasis:- Disorder characterized by preoccupation with fear of developing a series disease or the belief that one has a serious disease.
3. Hysteria:- It is characterized by many somatic symptoms that cannot be explained adequately on the basis of physical or laboratory examination.
4. Hyphogogic :-  Hallucination that happen as you're falling asleep.
5. Hypopompic hallucination :- It occurs when person are waking up.

Alphabet (I) 

1. Illusion:- Misinterpretation of external stimuli.
2. Impulsiveness:- Emotional instability and lack of impulse control.
3. Ideas of reference:- Belief that some events have a special personal meaning .

Alphabet (J)

1. Jamaisvu:- Failure to recognise event that have been encounted before.

Alphabet (L) 

1. Labile affect:- Rapidly shifting emotions unrelated to external stimuli.
2. Libido :- Sexual drive.

Alphabet (M) 

1. Maladaptation:- Failure to adjust adequately to the environment or situation.
2. Malingering :- Pretend to be ill in order to escape duty or work.
3. Mannerisms:- A habitual gesture or way of speaking.
4. Manipulation:- It is the skillful handling, controlling or using something or someone.

Alphabet (N) 

1. Narcissism:- Obsessive and exclusive interest in one's own self.
2. Neologism:- A ward newly coined or an everyday word used in a special way , not readily understood by others.
3. Nihilism :- The delusion of nonexistent : a fixed belief that the mind, body, or the world at large—or parts thereof—no longer exists.----Also called delusion of negation; nihilistic delusion. 2. the belief that existence is without meaning or value.

Alphabet (O) 

1. Obsession:- Pathological persistence of an irresistible thought or feeling that con not be eliminated from consciousness by logical effort associated with anxiety.

Alphabet (P)

1. Panic attack:- Intense feeling of fear or terror that occurs and intermittently without warning.
2. Para suicide:- Any act deliberately undertaken by a person which mimic the act of suicide, but which doesn't result in a fatal out comes 
3. Paralalia:-  Repetation or sometime continue repetation of one wards.
4. Paranoid:- An adjective applied to individuals who are over suspicious.
5. Parole :- Permission given to mentally ill patient to go home for performing certain rituals or attend family function.
6. Pedophilia:- Unnatural desire for sexual relation with children.
7. Personality disorders:- Extreme Pathological and maladaptiv behaviour patterns that are destructive to person and others.
8. Poverty of speech:- Decreased speech production.
9. Pressure of speech:- Rapid production of speech out put.
10. Psychotropic:- Drugs that affects psychic function, behaviour or experience.

Alphabet (R) 

1. Rapport:- Establishing a meaningful conversation.
2. Rainfocement :- The process of encouraging.
3. Relapse:- Recurrence of a disorder or symptoms after apparent recovery.
4. Remission:- Remission is eighter the reduction or disappearance of the signs and symptoms of a disease.

Alphabet (S) 

1. Social phobia:-  Excessive and persistent irretional fear of special objects or situation that actually pose little threat of danger.
2. Somatic delusion:- A belief that one's body is changing and responding in some unusual ways.
3. SSRIs:- serotonin Specific Reuptake Inhibitors used to treatment of depression.
4. Stereotypes:- Persistent mechanical repetation of speech or motor activity.
5. Stress:- Stress is a feeling of emotional and physical tension. It can come from any event or thought that makes you feel frustrated, angry or nervous.
6. Stupor:- A state in which the individual doesn't react to his surroundings and appears to be unaware of them.
7. Stuttering:- Repetative or prolonged sounds or syllables with pauses and monosyllabic broken wards.
8. Substance:- Refers to any drugs, medication or toxins that share the potential for abuse.
9. Substance abuse :- Excessive use of psychiactive drug such as Alcohol, pain medication or illigal drugs.
10. Substance intoxication:- Being poisoned by a drug or toxic substance.
11. Sundowning syndrome:- A phenomenon in dementia in which the symptoms of restlessness and confusion seem to started in the late afternoon, evening or during night.
12. Shuffling:- To walk by sliding the feet along instated of lifting them of the ground.
13. Staggering :- Difficulty in walking , a porticular manner of movementing the feet.

Alphabet (T) 

1. Tangentiality :- It is a tendency to speak about topics unrelated to main topic of discussion.
2. Thought block:- aA sudden inturruprion in thought process before the thought is completed.
3. Thought broadcast:- The delusional belief that one's thoughts are being broadcast or projected into environment.
4. Thought insertion:- The delusional belief that thoughts are being put into one's mind.
5. Thought withdrawal:- The delusional belief that one's thoughts are taken away by some external agent.
6. Tic:- Sudden, repetitive, arrhythmic , stereotyped motor movement or verbal speech.
7. Transference:- A process in which feelings , attitude and wishes originally linked with significant figures in patient's early life are projected onto the therapist.

Alphabet (U) 

1. Unipolar:- Having depressive episodes but dose not experience mania or hypomania.

Alphabet (V)

1. Verbigeration :- Senseless repetation of some wards.
2. Voyeurism:- It is defined as an interest in observing unsuspecting people while they undress, are naked or engaging in sexual activities.

Alphabet (W)

1. Waxyflexibility:- A condition by which the individual with schizophrenia possibely yeilds all movable parts of the body to any efforts made at placing them in certain positions.
2. Withdrawal:- Physical and mental symptoms that occur after stopping or reducing intake of a drug.
3. Ward approximations :- Commonly used wards used in a new or uncoventional way.
4. Ward salad :- Meaningless mixture of wards.